Difference between revisions of "RBL4D-Var Forecast Observation Impact Tutorial"

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<div class="title">4D-PSAS Forecast Observation Impact</div>
<div class="title">RBL4D-Var Forecast Observation Impact</div>




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==Introduction==
==Introduction==
{{note}} '''Notice:''' This algorithm began based on the Physical-space Statistical Analysis System ('''PSAS''') algorithm but has evolved into a Restricted B-preconditioned Lanczos 4D-Var ([[Options#RBL4DVAR|RBL4D-Var]]). Some plots on this page still have the '''PSAS''' title but remain correct. The algorithm and ROMS [[Options|CPP Options]] relating to this data assimilation system were renamed in '''SVN revision 1022''' (May 13, 2020) and are explained in [https://www.myroms.org/projects/src/ticket/854 Trac ticket #854].


A schematic representation of a typical analysis-forecast cycle using ROMS is shown in the diagram below. During the analysis cycle, a background solution (represented by the blue line) is corrected using observations that are available during the analysis window. The analysis state estimate at the end of the analysis window is then used as the initial condition for a forecast. The red curve represents the forecast generated during the forecast cycle from the 4D-Var analysis. The skill of the forecast on any day can then be assessed by comparing it to a new analysis that verifies on the same forecast day, or by comparing the forecast with new observations that have not yet been assimilated into the model.
A schematic representation of a typical analysis-forecast cycle using ROMS is shown in the diagram below. During the analysis cycle, a background solution (represented by the blue line) is corrected using observations that are available during the analysis window. The analysis state estimate at the end of the analysis window is then used as the initial condition for a forecast. The red curve represents the forecast generated during the forecast cycle from the 4D-Var analysis. The skill of the forecast on any day can then be assessed by comparing it to a new analysis that verifies on the same forecast day, or by comparing the forecast with new observations that have not yet been assimilated into the model.
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To quantify the impact of the observations on the forecast skill it is necessary to run a second forecast which is initialized from the background solution at the end of the analysis cycle. This is represented by the green curve in Fig. 1. The difference in forecast skill between the red forecast and the green forecast is then due to the observations that were assimilated into the model during the analysis cycle.
To quantify the impact of the observations on the forecast skill it is necessary to run a second forecast which is initialized from the background solution at the end of the analysis cycle. This is represented by the green curve in Fig. 1. The difference in forecast skill between the red forecast and the green forecast is then due to the observations that were assimilated into the model during the analysis cycle.


In this tutorial, the methodology will be described by two metrics in Cases 1 and 2:
In this tutorial, the methodology will be described by two metrics in '''Case 1''' and '''Case 2''':
   
   
#The 4-day analysis cycle of Exercise 3 is used which spans the 4-day period midnight on 3 Jan 2004 to midnight on 7 Jan 2004. The forecast interval spans the 7-day period midnight on 7 Jan 2004 to midnight on 14 Jan 2004. We will use equation (2) as a measure of the forecast error and choose '''C''' so that '''e''' is the forecast error in the 37ºN transport averaged over forecast day 7 as measured against a verifying analysis. This is indicated as the '''verifying interval''' in Fig. 1. The verifying analysis x_a was computed by running a second 4D-Var analysis cycle for the 7-day window 7-14 Jan 2004. This has been precomputed for you in these exercises.
#The 4-day analysis cycle of Exercise 3 is used which spans the 4-day period midnight on 3 Jan 2004 to midnight on 7 Jan 2004. The forecast interval spans the 7-day period midnight on 7 Jan 2004 to midnight on 14 Jan 2004. We will use equation (2) as a measure of the forecast error and choose '''C''' so that '''e''' is the forecast error in the 37ºN transport averaged over forecast day 7 as measured against a verifying analysis. This is indicated as the '''verifying interval''' in Fig. 1. The verifying analysis x_a was computed by running a second 4D-Var analysis cycle for the 7-day window 7-14 Jan 2004. This has been precomputed for you in these exercises.
#We will use equation (3) as a measure forecast error. For this exercise, '''e''' is chosen to be the mean squared error in SST during forecast day 7 over the target area.
#We will use equation (3) as a measure forecast error but with metric on the observations. For this exercise, '''e''' is chosen to be the mean squared error in SST during forecast day 7 over the target area.


<br \>
<br \>
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{{#lst:4DVar_Tutorial_Introduction|setup}}
{{#lst:4DVar_Tutorial_Introduction|setup}}


==Running 4D-PSAS Observation Impact==
==Running RBL4D-Var Observation Impact==


To run this exercise, go first to the directory <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact</span>. Instructions for compiling and running the model are provided below or can be found in the <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span> file. The recommended configuration for this exercise is one outer-loop and 50 inner-loops, and <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> is configured for this default case. The number of inner-loops is controlled by the parameter [[Variables#Ninner|Ninner]] in <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span>.
To run this exercise, go first to the directory <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact</span>. Instructions for compiling and running the model are provided below or can be found in the <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span> file. The recommended configuration for this exercise is one outer-loop and 50 inner-loops, and <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> is configured for this default case. The number of inner-loops is controlled by the parameter [[Variables#Ninner|Ninner]] in <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span>.


==Important CPP Options==
==Important CPP Options==
The following C-preprocessing options are activated in the [[build_Script|build script]]:
The following C-preprocessing options are activated in the [[build_Script|build script]]:


For the intermediate Step 1 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span>) that creates the surface forcing to be use by the trajectory initialized by the 4D-PSAS analysis (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTA</span>) and trajectory initialized with the background circulation (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTB</span>) at the end of the 4D-PSAS cycle:
For the intermediate Step 1 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span>) that creates the surface forcing to be use by the trajectory initialized by the RBL4D-Var analysis (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTA</span>) and trajectory initialized with the background circulation (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB</span>) at the end of the RBL4D-Var cycle:
   
   
<div class="box">  [[Options#NLM_DRIVER|NLM_DRIVER]]             Nonlinear model driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]             Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#BULK_FLUXES|BULK_FLUXES]]             Surface bulk fluxes parameterization<br />  [[Options#FORWARD_WRITE|FORWARD_WRITE]]           Write out Forward solution for Tangent/Adjoint<br />  [[Options#VERIFICATION|VERIFICATION]]           Process model solution at observation locations<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                   Application CPP option</div>
<div class="box">  [[Options#NLM_DRIVER|NLM_DRIVER]]               Nonlinear model driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]               Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#BULK_FLUXES|BULK_FLUXES]]             Surface bulk fluxes parameterization<br />  [[Options#FORWARD_WRITE|FORWARD_WRITE]]           Write out Forward solution for Tangent/Adjoint<br />  [[Options#VERIFICATION|VERIFICATION]]             Process model solution at observation locations<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                     Application CPP option</div>


For the intermediate Step 2 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTA</span>) to run ROMS in forecast mode initialized with the surface forcing from Step 1 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span>):
For the intermediate Step 2 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTA</span>) to run ROMS in forecast mode initialized with the surface forcing from Step 1 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span>):
   
   
<div class="box">  [[Options#NLM_DRIVER|NLM_DRIVER]]             Nonlinear model driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]             Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#FORWARD_WRITE|FORWARD_WRITE]]           Write out Forward solution for Tangent/Adjoint<br />  [[Options#VERIFICATION|VERIFICATION]]           Process model solution at observation locations<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                   Application CPP option</div>
<div class="box">  [[Options#NLM_DRIVER|NLM_DRIVER]]               Nonlinear model driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]               Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#FORWARD_WRITE|FORWARD_WRITE]]           Write out Forward solution for Tangent/Adjoint<br />  [[Options#VERIFICATION|VERIFICATION]]             Process model solution at observation locations<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                     Application CPP option</div>


For the intermediate Step 3 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTB</span>) to run ROMS in forecast mode initialized with the surface forcing from Step 1 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span>):
For the intermediate Step 3 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB</span>) to run ROMS in forecast mode initialized with the surface forcing from Step 1 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span>):
   
   
<div class="box">  [[Options#NLM_DRIVER|NLM_DRIVER]]             Nonlinear model driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]             Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#FORWARD_WRITE|FORWARD_WRITE]]           Write out Forward solution for Tangent/Adjoint<br />  [[Options#VERIFICATION|VERIFICATION]]           Process model solution at observation locations<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                   Application CPP option</div>
<div class="box">  [[Options#NLM_DRIVER|NLM_DRIVER]]               Nonlinear model driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]               Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#FORWARD_WRITE|FORWARD_WRITE]]           Write out Forward solution for Tangent/Adjoint<br />  [[Options#VERIFICATION|VERIFICATION]]             Process model solution at observation locations<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                     Application CPP option</div>


For Step 5 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact</span>) Case 1 to run ROMS 4D-PSAS Forecast Observation Impacts:
For Step 5 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact</span>) Case 1 to run ROMS RBL4D-Var Forecast Observation Impacts:
   
   
<div class="box">  [[Options#W4DPSAS_FCT_SENSITIVITY|W4DPSAS_FCT_SENSITIVITY]] 4D-PSAS observation sensitivity driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]             Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#AD_IMPULSE|AD_IMPULSE]]             Force ADM with intermittent impulses<br />  [[Options#OBS_IMPACT|OBS_IMPACT]]             Compute observation impact<br />  [[Options#RPCG|RPCG]]                   Restricted B-preconditioned Lanczos minimization<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                   Application CPP option</div>
<div class="box">  [[Options#RBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY|RBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY]] RBL4D-Var observation sensitivity driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]               Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#AD_IMPULSE|AD_IMPULSE]]               Force ADM with intermittent impulses<br />  [[Options#OBS_IMPACT|OBS_IMPACT]]               Compute observation impact<br />  [[Options#RPCG|RPCG]]                     Restricted B-preconditioned Lanczos minimization<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                     Application CPP option</div>


For Step 5 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact</span>) Case 2 to run ROMS 4D-PSAS Forecast Observation Impacts:
For Step 8 (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact</span>) Case 2 to run ROMS RBL4D-Var Forecast Observation Impacts:
   
   
<div class="box">  [[Options#W4DPSAS_FCT_SENSITIVITY|W4DPSAS_FCT_SENSITIVITY]] 4D-PSAS observation sensitivity driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]             Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#AD_IMPULSE|AD_IMPULSE]]             Force ADM with intermittent impulses<br />  [[Options#OBS_IMPACT|OBS_IMPACT]]             Compute observation impact<br />  [[Options#OBS_SPACE|OBS_SPACE]]               Compute the forecast error metrics in observation space<br />  [[Options#RPCG|RPCG]]                   Restricted B-preconditioned Lanczos minimization<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                   Application CPP option</div>
<div class="box">  [[Options#RBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY|RBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY]] RBL4D-Var observation sensitivity driver<br />  [[Options#ANA_SPONGE|ANA_SPONGE]]               Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge<br />  [[Options#AD_IMPULSE|AD_IMPULSE]]               Force ADM with intermittent impulses<br />  [[Options#OBS_IMPACT|OBS_IMPACT]]               Compute observation impact<br />  [[Options#OBS_SPACE|OBS_SPACE]]               Compute the forecast error metrics in observation space<br />  [[Options#RPCG|RPCG]]                     Restricted B-preconditioned Lanczos minimization<br />  [[Options#WC13|WC13]]                     Application CPP option</div>


==Input NetCDF Files==
==Input NetCDF Files==
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==Various Scripts and Include Files==
==Various Scripts and Include Files==
For intermediate Step 1, the following files will be found in <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span> directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:
For intermediate Step 1, the following files will be found in <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span> directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:
<div class="box">  <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span>                 instructions<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.bash]]         bash shell script to compile application<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.sh]]           csh Unix script to compile application<br />  [[job_fcstat.sh|job_fcstat.sh]]           job configuration script<br />  [[roms.in|roms_wc13.in]]           ROMS standard input script for WC13<br />  [[s4dvar.in]]               4D-Var standard input script template<br />  <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>                 WC13 header with CPP options</div>
<div class="box">  <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span>                             instructions<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.csh]]                     csh Unix script to compile application<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.sh]]                     bash shell script to compile application<br />  [[job_fcstat|job_fcstat.csh]]                     job configuration script<br />  [[roms.in|roms_wc13.in]]                       ROMS standard input script for WC13<br />  [[s4dvar.in]]                         4D-Var standard input script template<br />  <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>                             WC13 header with CPP options</div>


For intermediate Step 2, the following files will be found in <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTA</span> directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:
For intermediate Step 2, the following files will be found in <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTA</span> directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:
<div class="box">  <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span>                 instructions<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.bash]]         bash shell script to compile application<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.sh]]           csh Unix script to compile application<br />  [[job_fcsta.sh|job_fcsta.sh]]           job configuration script<br />  [[roms.in|roms_wc13.in]]           ROMS standard input script for WC13<br />  [[s4dvar.in]]               4D-Var standard input script template<br />  <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>                 WC13 header with CPP options</div>
<div class="box">  <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span>                             instructions<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.csh]]                     csh Unix script to compile application<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.sh]]                     bash shell script to compile application<br />  [[job_fcsta|job_fcsta.csh]]                     job configuration script<br />  [[roms.in|roms_wc13.in]]                       ROMS standard input script for WC13<br />  [[s4dvar.in]]                         4D-Var standard input script template<br />  <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>                             WC13 header with CPP options</div>


For intermediate Step 3, the following files will be found in <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTB</span> directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:
For intermediate Step 3, the following files will be found in <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB</span> directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:
<div class="box">  <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span>                 instructions<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.bash]]         bash shell script to compile application<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.sh]]           csh Unix script to compile application<br />  [[create_ini_fcstb.m|create_ini_fcstb.m]]     Matlab script to create ROMS initial conditions<br />  [[job_fcstb.sh|job_fcstb.sh]]           job configuration script<br />  [[roms.in|roms_wc13.in]]           ROMS standard input script for WC13<br />  [[s4dvar.in]]               4D-Var standard input script template<br />  <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>                 WC13 header with CPP options</div>
<div class="box">  <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span>                             instructions<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.csh]]                     csh Unix script to compile application<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.sh]]                     bash shell script to compile application<br />  [[create_ini_fcstb.m|create_ini_fcstb.m]]                 Matlab script to create ROMS initial conditions<br />  [[job_fcstb|job_fcstb.csh]]                     job configuration script<br />  [[roms.in|roms_wc13.in]]                       ROMS standard input script for WC13<br />  [[s4dvar.in]]                         4D-Var standard input script template<br />  <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>                             WC13 header with CPP options</div>


For step 5, the following files will be found in <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact</span> directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:
For steps 5 and 8, the following files will be found in <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact</span> directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:
<div class="box">  <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span>                 instructions<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.bash]]         bash shell script to compile application<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.sh]]           csh Unix script to compile application<br />  [[job_psas_fct_impact.sh|job_psas_fct_impact.sh]]  job configuration script<br />  [[roms.in|roms_wc13.in]]           ROMS standard input script for WC13<br />  [[s4dvar.in]]               4D-Var standard input script template<br />  <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>                 WC13 header with CPP options</div>
<div class="box">  <span class="twilightBlue">Exercise_8.pdf</span>                    Exercise 8 instructions<br />  <span class="twilightBlue">Readme</span>                             instructions<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.csh]]                     csh Unix script to compile application<br />  [[build_Script|build_roms.sh]]                     bash shell script to compile application<br />  [[job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact|job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact.csh]]            job configuration script<br />  [[job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact_obs_space|job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact_obs_space.csh]]  job configuration script (in oberservartion space)<br />  [[roms.in|roms_wc13.in]]                       ROMS standard input script for WC13<br />  [[s4dvar.in]]                         4D-Var standard input script template<br />  <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>                             WC13 header with CPP options</div>


==Important parameters in standard input <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> script==
==Important parameters in standard input <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> script==
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To run this application you need to take the following steps:
To run this application you need to take the following steps:


#Go to <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span>. In this first step you will run the forecast initialized from the 4D-Var analysis computed in Exercise 3 using PSAS-RPCG. This is the red curve in the figure at the top of this page.
#Go to <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT</span>. In this first step you will run the forecast initialized from the 4D-Var analysis computed in Exercise 3 using RBL4D-Var-RPCG. This is the red curve in the figure at the top of this page.
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
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##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[my_build_paths.sh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[build_Script#Library_and_Executable_Paths|my_build_paths.csh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DNLM_DRIVER"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DBULK_FLUXES"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DFORWARD_WRITE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DVERIFICATION"</span></div>This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DNLM_DRIVER"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DBULK_FLUXES"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DFORWARD_WRITE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DVERIFICATION"</span></div>This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.
##Customize the configuration script [[job_fcstat.sh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Customize the configuration script [[job_fcstat.csh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Execute the configuration [[job_fcstat.sh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">psas.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Execute the configuration [[job_fcstat.csh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">rbl4dvar.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
#Go to <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTA</span>. In this second step you will run the forecast in Step 1 again, but this time without [[Options#BULK_FLUXES|BULK_FLUXES]]; using, instead, the fluxes computed in <span class="twilightBlue">FCSTAT</span> during the forecast. This step is necessary because the red forecast and green forecast in figure at the top of this page must be subject to the same surface and lateral boundary conditions. In practice, the difference between the forecast skill of <span class="twilightBlue">FCSTAT</span> and <span class="twilightBlue">FCSTA</span> will be small.
#Go to <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTA</span>. In this second step you will run the forecast in Step 1 again, but this time without [[Options#BULK_FLUXES|BULK_FLUXES]]; using, instead, the fluxes computed in <span class="twilightBlue">FCSTAT</span> during the forecast. This step is necessary because the red forecast and green forecast in figure at the top of this page must be subject to the same surface and lateral boundary conditions. In practice, the difference between the forecast skill of <span class="twilightBlue">FCSTAT</span> and <span class="twilightBlue">FCSTA</span> will be small.
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
Line 99: Line 101:
##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[my_build_paths.sh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[build_Script#Library_and_Executable_Paths|my_build_paths.csh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DNLM_DRIVER"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DFORWARD_WRITE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DVERIFICATION"</span></div>This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DNLM_DRIVER"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DFORWARD_WRITE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DVERIFICATION"</span></div>This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.
##Customize the configuration script [[job_fcsta.sh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Customize the configuration script [[job_fcsta.csh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Execute the configuration [[job_fcsta.sh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">psas.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Execute the configuration [[job_fcsta.csh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">rbl4dvar.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
#Go to <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTB</span>. In this third step initialized from the 4D-Var background solution at the end of the 4D-Var window.  As in step 2, this forecast will use the surface fluxes computed during step 1.
#Go to <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB</span>. In this third step initialized from the 4D-Var background solution at the end of the 4D-Var window.  As in step 2, this forecast will use the surface fluxes computed during step 1.
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
Line 112: Line 114:
##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[my_build_paths.sh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[build_Script#Library_and_Executable_Paths|my_build_paths.csh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DNLM_DRIVER"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DFORWARD_WRITE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DVERIFICATION"</span></div>This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DNLM_DRIVER"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DFORWARD_WRITE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DVERIFICATION"</span></div>This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.
##Customize the configuration script [[job_fcstb.sh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Customize the configuration script [[job_fcstb.csh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Execute the configuration [[job_fcstb.sh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">psas.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Execute the configuration [[job_fcstb.csh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">rbl4dvar.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Use Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact/FCSTB/create_ini_fcstb.m</span> to create ROMS inital condtions from the previous 4D-PSAS background solution PSAS-RPCG (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS/EX3_RPCG/wc13_fwd_000.nc</span>) in Exercise 3.
##Use Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB/create_ini_fcstb.m</span> to create ROMS inital condtions from the previous RBL4D-Var background solution RBL4D-Var-RPCG (<span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR/EX3_RPCG/wc13_fwd_000.nc</span>) in Exercise 3.
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
#Go to the <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/Data</span> directory and run the Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">adsen_37N_transport_fcst.m</span>. This will create two netcdf files <span class="twilightBlue">wc13_foi_A.nc</span> and <span class="twilightBlue">wc13_foi_B.nc</span>.
#Go to the <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/Data</span> directory and run the Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">adsen_37N_transport_fcst.m</span>. This will create two netcdf files <span class="twilightBlue">wc13_foi_A.nc</span> and <span class="twilightBlue">wc13_foi_B.nc</span>.
#Go back to the <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact</span> directory and compile and run the model.
#Go back to the <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact</span> directory and compile and run the model.
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
Line 127: Line 129:
##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[my_build_paths.sh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[build_Script#Library_and_Executable_Paths|my_build_paths.csh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DW4DPSAS_FCT_SENSITIVITY"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DAD_IMPULSE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DOBS_IMPACT"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRPCG"</span></div>This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DAD_IMPULSE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DOBS_IMPACT"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRPCG"</span></div>This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that there are two additional timestep parameters, [[Variables#NTIMES_ANA|NTIMES_ANA]] and [[Variables#NTIMES_FCT|NTIMES_FCT]] which correspond to the number of time steps in the analysis and forecast cycles respectively as shown in the figure at the top of the page. It is these parameters that control the time-stepping of ROMS in this case, and the usual parameter [[Variables#NTIMES|NTIMES]] is ignored. The values of [[Variables#NTIMES_ANA|NTIMES_ANA]] and [[Variables#NTIMES_FCT|NTIMES_FCT]] that are currently set in <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> are the correct ones for this application, so do not change them. Notice also the input files [[Variables#FOInameA|FOInameA]] and [[Variables#FOInameB|FOInameB]] which correspond to the adjoint forcing functions that were created in step 4.<br /><br />Remember that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.<br /><br />
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that there are two additional timestep parameters, [[Variables#NTIMES_ANA|NTIMES_ANA]] and [[Variables#NTIMES_FCT|NTIMES_FCT]] which correspond to the number of time steps in the analysis and forecast cycles respectively as shown in the figure at the top of the page. It is these parameters that control the time-stepping of ROMS in this case, and the usual parameter [[Variables#NTIMES|NTIMES]] is ignored. The values of [[Variables#NTIMES_ANA|NTIMES_ANA]] and [[Variables#NTIMES_FCT|NTIMES_FCT]] that are currently set in <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> are the correct ones for this application, so do not change them. Notice also the input files [[Variables#FOInameA|FOInameA]] and [[Variables#FOInameB|FOInameB]] which correspond to the adjoint forcing functions that were created in step 4.<br /><br />Remember that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.<br /><br />
##Customize the configuration script [[job_psas_fct_impact.sh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Customize the configuration script [[job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact.csh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Execute the configuration [[job_psas_fct_impact.sh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">psas.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Execute the configuration [[job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact.csh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">rbl4dvar.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
##We recommend creating a new subdirectory <span class="twilightBlue">Case1</span>, and saving the solution in it for analysis and plotting to avoid overwriting solutions when playing with difference CPP options. For example<div class="box">mkdir Case1<br />mv Build_roms psas.in *.nc log Case1<br />cp -p romsM roms_wc13.in Case1</div>where log is the ROMS standard output specified in the previous step.
##We recommend creating a new subdirectory <span class="twilightBlue">Case1</span>, and saving the solution in it for analysis and plotting to avoid overwriting solutions when playing with difference CPP options. For example<div class="box">mkdir Case1<br />mv Build_roms rbl4dvar.in *.nc log Case1<br />cp -p romsM roms_wc13.in Case1</div>where log is the ROMS standard output specified in the previous step.
#To plot the output from step 5, go to the subdirectory <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/plotting</span> and run the Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">plot_psas_forecast_impact.m</span>
#To plot the output from step 5, go to the subdirectory <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/plotting</span> and run the Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">plot_rbl4dvar_forecast_impact.m</span>
#Go to the <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/Data</span> directory and run the Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">adsen_SST_fcst.m</span>. This will overwrite the two netcdf files <span class="twilightBlue">wc13_oifA.nc</span> and <span class="twilightBlue">wc13_oifB.nc</span>.
#Go to the <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/Data</span> directory and run the Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">adsen_SST_fcst.m</span>. This will overwrite the two netcdf files <span class="twilightBlue">wc13_oifA.nc</span> and <span class="twilightBlue">wc13_oifB.nc</span>.
#Go back to the <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/PSAS_forecast_impact</span> directory and compile and run the model.
#Go back to the <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/rbl4dvar_forecast_impact</span> directory and compile and run the model.
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##Customize your preferred [[build_Script|build script]] and provide the appropriate values for:
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
##*Root directory, <span class="salmon">MY_ROOT_DIR</span>
Line 143: Line 145:
##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*Fortran compiler, <span class="salmon">FORT</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*MPI flags, <span class="salmon">USE_MPI</span> and <span class="salmon">USE_MPIF90</span>
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[my_build_paths.sh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##*Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in [[build_Script#Library_and_Executable_Paths|my_build_paths.csh]]. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set <span class="salmon">USE_MY_LIBS</span> value to '''no'''.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DW4DPSAS_FCT_SENSITIVITY"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DAD_IMPULSE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DOBS_IMPACT"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DOBS_SPACE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRPCG"</span></div>The cpp flag [[Options#OBS_SPACE|OBS_SPACE]] informs the model that you are using a forecast error metric that resides in observation space instead of state-space.<br /><br />This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the [[build_Script|build script]] instead of <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span>:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"<br /><br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DAD_IMPULSE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DOBS_IMPACT"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DOBS_SPACE"<br />setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRPCG"</span></div>The cpp flag [[Options#OBS_SPACE|OBS_SPACE]] informs the model that you are using a forecast error metric that resides in observation space instead of state-space.<br /><br />This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.<div class="para">&nbsp;</div>For this to work, however, any '''#undef''' directives MUST be avoided in the header file <span class="twilightBlue">wc13.h</span> since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##You MUST use the [[build_Script|build script]] to compile.
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.<br /><br />
##Customize the ROMS input script <span class="twilightBlue">roms_wc13.in</span> and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:<div class="box">[[Variables#NtileI|NtileI]] == 2                              ! I-direction partition<br />[[Variables#NtileJ|NtileJ]] == 4                              ! J-direction partition</div>Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.<br /><br />
##Customize the configuration script [[job_psas_fct_impact_obs_space.sh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Customize the configuration script [[job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact_obs_space.csh]] and provide the appropriate place for the [[substitute]] Perl script:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute</span></div>This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:<div class="box"><span class="twilightBlue">setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk</span></div>
##Execute the configuration [[job_psas_fct_impact_obs_space.sh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">psas.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Execute the configuration [[job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact_obs_space.csh]] '''before''' running the model. It copies the required files and creates <span class="twilightBlue">rbl4dvar.in</span> input script from template '''[[s4dvar.in]]'''. This has to be done '''every time''' that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
##Run ROMS with data assimilation:<div class="box"><span class="red">mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &</span></div>
##We recommend creating a new subdirectory <span class="twilightBlue">Case2</span>, and saving the solution in it for analysis and plotting to avoid overwriting solutions when playing with difference CPP options. For example<div class="box">mkdir Case2<br />mv Build_roms psas.in *.nc log Case2<br />cp -p romsM roms_wc13.in Case2</div>where log is the ROMS standard output specified in the previous step.
##We recommend creating a new subdirectory <span class="twilightBlue">Case2</span>, and saving the solution in it for analysis and plotting to avoid overwriting solutions when playing with different CPP options. For example<div class="box">mkdir Case2<br />mv Build_roms rbl4dvar.in *.nc log Case2<br />cp -p romsM roms_wc13.in Case2</div>where log is the ROMS standard output specified in the previous step.
#To plot the output from step 8, go to the subdirectory <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/plotting</span> and run the Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">plot_psas_forecast_impact_obs_space.m</span>
#To plot the output from step 8, go to the subdirectory <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/plotting</span> and run the Matlab script <span class="twilightBlue">plot_rbl4dvar_forecast_impact_obs_space.m</span>


==Results==
==Results==
The <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/plotting/plot_psas_forecast_impact.m</span> and <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/plotting/plot_psas_forecast_impact_obs_space.m</span> Matlab scripts will allow you to plot the [[Options#W4DPSAS|4D-PSAS]] forecast transport errors and SST Errors respectively:
The <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/plotting/plot_rbl4dvar_forecast_impact.m</span> and <span class="twilightBlue">WC13/plotting/plot_rbl4dvar_forecast_impact_obs_space.m</span> Matlab scripts will allow you to plot the [[Options#RBL4DVAR|RBL4D-Var]] forecast transport errors and SST Errors respectively:


{|align="center"
{|align="center"
|-
|-
|[[Image:psas_forecast_impact_case1_2019.png|500px|thumb|center|<center>'''Case 1:''' 7-day Forecast 37&deg;N transport Errors</center>]]
|[[Image:psas_forecast_impact_case1_2019.png|500px|thumb|center|<center>'''Case 1:''' 7-day Forecast 37&deg;N transport Errors<br />''prior'' saved daily</center>]]
|[[Image:psas_forecast_impact_case2_2019.png|500px|thumb|center|<center>'''Case 2:''' 7-day Forecast SST Errors</center>]]
|[[Image:psas_forecast_impact_case2_2019.png|500px|thumb|center|<center>'''Case 2:''' 7-day Forecast SST Errors<br />''prior'' saved daily</center>]]
|-
|[[Image:psas_forecast_impact_case1_2hour_2019.png|500px|thumb|center|<center>'''Case 1:''' 7-day Forecast 37&deg;N transport Errors<br />''prior'' saved every 2 hours</center>]]
|[[Image:psas_forecast_impact_case2_2hour_2019.png|500px|thumb|center|<center>'''Case 2:''' 7-day Forecast SST Errors<br />''prior'' saved every 2 hours</center>]]
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 19:47, 24 July 2020

RBL4D-Var Forecast Observation Impact



Introduction

Note Notice: This algorithm began based on the Physical-space Statistical Analysis System (PSAS) algorithm but has evolved into a Restricted B-preconditioned Lanczos 4D-Var (RBL4D-Var). Some plots on this page still have the PSAS title but remain correct. The algorithm and ROMS CPP Options relating to this data assimilation system were renamed in SVN revision 1022 (May 13, 2020) and are explained in Trac ticket #854.


A schematic representation of a typical analysis-forecast cycle using ROMS is shown in the diagram below. During the analysis cycle, a background solution (represented by the blue line) is corrected using observations that are available during the analysis window. The analysis state estimate at the end of the analysis window is then used as the initial condition for a forecast. The red curve represents the forecast generated during the forecast cycle from the 4D-Var analysis. The skill of the forecast on any day can then be assessed by comparing it to a new analysis that verifies on the same forecast day, or by comparing the forecast with new observations that have not yet been assimilated into the model.

To quantify the impact of the observations on the forecast skill it is necessary to run a second forecast which is initialized from the background solution at the end of the analysis cycle. This is represented by the green curve in Fig. 1. The difference in forecast skill between the red forecast and the green forecast is then due to the observations that were assimilated into the model during the analysis cycle.

In this tutorial, the methodology will be described by two metrics in Case 1 and Case 2:

  1. The 4-day analysis cycle of Exercise 3 is used which spans the 4-day period midnight on 3 Jan 2004 to midnight on 7 Jan 2004. The forecast interval spans the 7-day period midnight on 7 Jan 2004 to midnight on 14 Jan 2004. We will use equation (2) as a measure of the forecast error and choose C so that e is the forecast error in the 37ºN transport averaged over forecast day 7 as measured against a verifying analysis. This is indicated as the verifying interval in Fig. 1. The verifying analysis x_a was computed by running a second 4D-Var analysis cycle for the 7-day window 7-14 Jan 2004. This has been precomputed for you in these exercises.
  2. We will use equation (3) as a measure forecast error but with metric on the observations. For this exercise, e is chosen to be the mean squared error in SST during forecast day 7 over the target area.


Fig 1: Analysis-Forecast Cycle Schematic


Model Set-up

The WC13 model domain is shown in Fig. 1 and has open boundaries along the northern, western, and southern edges of the model domain.

Fig. 1: Model Bathymetry with 37°N Transect and Target Area

In the tutorial, you will perform a 4D-Var data assimilation cycle that spans the period 3-6 January, 2004. The 4D-Var control vector δz is comprised of increments to the initial conditions, δx(t0), surface forcing, δf(t), and open boundary conditions, δb(t). The prior initial conditions, xb(t0), are taken from the sequence of 4D-Var experiments described by Moore et al. (2011b) in which data were assimilated every 7 days during the period July 2002- December 2004. The prior surface forcing, fb(t), takes the form of surface wind stress, heat flux, and a freshwater flux computed using the ROMS bulk flux formulation, and using near surface air data from COAMPS (Doyle et al., 2009). Clamped open boundary conditions are imposed on (u,v) and tracers, and the prior boundary conditions, bb(t), are taken from the global ECCO product (Wunsch and Heimbach, 2007). The free-surface height and vertically integrated velocity components are subject to the usual Chapman and Flather radiation conditions at the open boundaries. The prior surface forcing and open boundary conditions are provided daily and linearly interpolated in time. Similarly, the increments δf(t) and δb(t) are also computed daily and linearly interpolated in time.

The observations assimilated into the model are satellite SST, satellite SSH in the form of a gridded product from Aviso, and hydrographic observations of temperature and salinity collected from Argo floats and during the GLOBEC/LTOP and CalCOFI cruises off the coast of Oregon and southern California, respectively. The observation locations are illustrated in Fig. 2.

Figure 2: WC13 Observations
a) Aviso SSH
b) Blended SST
c) In Situ Temperature
d) In Situ Salinity

Running RBL4D-Var Observation Impact

To run this exercise, go first to the directory WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact. Instructions for compiling and running the model are provided below or can be found in the Readme file. The recommended configuration for this exercise is one outer-loop and 50 inner-loops, and roms_wc13.in is configured for this default case. The number of inner-loops is controlled by the parameter Ninner in roms_wc13.in.

Important CPP Options

The following C-preprocessing options are activated in the build script:

For the intermediate Step 1 (WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT) that creates the surface forcing to be use by the trajectory initialized by the RBL4D-Var analysis (WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTA) and trajectory initialized with the background circulation (WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB) at the end of the RBL4D-Var cycle:

NLM_DRIVER Nonlinear model driver
ANA_SPONGE Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge
BULK_FLUXES Surface bulk fluxes parameterization
FORWARD_WRITE Write out Forward solution for Tangent/Adjoint
VERIFICATION Process model solution at observation locations
WC13 Application CPP option

For the intermediate Step 2 (WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTA) to run ROMS in forecast mode initialized with the surface forcing from Step 1 (WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT):

NLM_DRIVER Nonlinear model driver
ANA_SPONGE Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge
FORWARD_WRITE Write out Forward solution for Tangent/Adjoint
VERIFICATION Process model solution at observation locations
WC13 Application CPP option

For the intermediate Step 3 (WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB) to run ROMS in forecast mode initialized with the surface forcing from Step 1 (WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT):

NLM_DRIVER Nonlinear model driver
ANA_SPONGE Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge
FORWARD_WRITE Write out Forward solution for Tangent/Adjoint
VERIFICATION Process model solution at observation locations
WC13 Application CPP option

For Step 5 (WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact) Case 1 to run ROMS RBL4D-Var Forecast Observation Impacts:

RBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY RBL4D-Var observation sensitivity driver
ANA_SPONGE Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge
AD_IMPULSE Force ADM with intermittent impulses
OBS_IMPACT Compute observation impact
RPCG Restricted B-preconditioned Lanczos minimization
WC13 Application CPP option

For Step 8 (WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact) Case 2 to run ROMS RBL4D-Var Forecast Observation Impacts:

RBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY RBL4D-Var observation sensitivity driver
ANA_SPONGE Analytical enhanced viscosity/diffusion sponge
AD_IMPULSE Force ADM with intermittent impulses
OBS_IMPACT Compute observation impact
OBS_SPACE Compute the forecast error metrics in observation space
RPCG Restricted B-preconditioned Lanczos minimization
WC13 Application CPP option

Input NetCDF Files

WC13 requires the following input NetCDF files:

Grid File: ../Data/wc13_grd.nc
Nonlinear Initial File: wc13_ini.nc
Forcing File 01: ../Data/coamps_wc13_lwrad_down.nc
Forcing File 02: ../Data/coamps_wc13_Pair.nc
Forcing File 03: ../Data/coamps_wc13_Qair.nc
Forcing File 04: ../Data/coamps_wc13_rain.nc
Forcing File 05: ../Data/coamps_wc13_swrad.nc
Forcing File 06: ../Data/coamps_wc13_Tair.nc
Forcing File 07: ../Data/coamps_wc13_wind.nc
Boundary File: ../Data/wc13_ecco_bry.nc

Observations File: wc13_obs.nc

Various Scripts and Include Files

For intermediate Step 1, the following files will be found in WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:

Readme instructions
build_roms.csh csh Unix script to compile application
build_roms.sh bash shell script to compile application
job_fcstat.csh job configuration script
roms_wc13.in ROMS standard input script for WC13
s4dvar.in 4D-Var standard input script template
wc13.h WC13 header with CPP options

For intermediate Step 2, the following files will be found in WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTA directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:

Readme instructions
build_roms.csh csh Unix script to compile application
build_roms.sh bash shell script to compile application
job_fcsta.csh job configuration script
roms_wc13.in ROMS standard input script for WC13
s4dvar.in 4D-Var standard input script template
wc13.h WC13 header with CPP options

For intermediate Step 3, the following files will be found in WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:

Readme instructions
build_roms.csh csh Unix script to compile application
build_roms.sh bash shell script to compile application
create_ini_fcstb.m Matlab script to create ROMS initial conditions
job_fcstb.csh job configuration script
roms_wc13.in ROMS standard input script for WC13
s4dvar.in 4D-Var standard input script template
wc13.h WC13 header with CPP options

For steps 5 and 8, the following files will be found in WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact directory after downloading from ROMS test cases SVN repository:

Exercise_8.pdf Exercise 8 instructions
Readme instructions
build_roms.csh csh Unix script to compile application
build_roms.sh bash shell script to compile application
job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact.csh job configuration script
job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact_obs_space.csh job configuration script (in oberservartion space)
roms_wc13.in ROMS standard input script for WC13
s4dvar.in 4D-Var standard input script template
wc13.h WC13 header with CPP options

Important parameters in standard input roms_wc13.in script

  • Notice that this driver uses the following adjoint sensitivity parameters (see input script for details):
DstrS == 0.0d0  ! starting day
DendS == 0.0d0  ! ending day

KstrS == 1  ! starting level
KendS == 30  ! ending level

Lstate(isFsur) == T  ! free-surface
Lstate(isUbar) == T  ! 2D U-momentum
Lstate(isVbar) == T  ! 2D V-momentum
Lstate(isUvel) == T  ! 3D U-momentum
Lstate(isVvel) == T  ! 3D V-momentum
Lstate(isWvel) == F  ! 3D W-momentum

Lstate(isTvar) == T T  ! tracers
  • Both FWDNAME and HISNAME must be the same:
FWDNAME == wc13_fwd.nc
HISNAME == wc13_fwd.nc

Instructions

To run this application you need to take the following steps:

  1. Go to WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTAT. In this first step you will run the forecast initialized from the 4D-Var analysis computed in Exercise 3 using RBL4D-Var-RPCG. This is the red curve in the figure at the top of this page.
    1. Customize your preferred build script and provide the appropriate values for:
      • Root directory, MY_ROOT_DIR
      • ROMS source code, MY_ROMS_SRC
      • Fortran compiler, FORT
      • MPI flags, USE_MPI and USE_MPIF90
      • Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in my_build_paths.csh. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set USE_MY_LIBS value to no.
    2. Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the build script instead of wc13.h:
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DNLM_DRIVER"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"

      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DBULK_FLUXES"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DFORWARD_WRITE"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DVERIFICATION"
      This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.
       
      For this to work, however, any #undef directives MUST be avoided in the header file wc13.h since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
    3. You MUST use the build script to compile.
    4. Customize the ROMS input script roms_wc13.in and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:
      NtileI == 2  ! I-direction partition
      NtileJ == 4  ! J-direction partition
      Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.
    5. Customize the configuration script job_fcstat.csh and provide the appropriate place for the substitute Perl script:
      set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute
      This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:
      setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk
    6. Execute the configuration job_fcstat.csh before running the model. It copies the required files and creates rbl4dvar.in input script from template s4dvar.in. This has to be done every time that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
    7. Run ROMS with data assimilation:
      mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &
  2. Go to WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTA. In this second step you will run the forecast in Step 1 again, but this time without BULK_FLUXES; using, instead, the fluxes computed in FCSTAT during the forecast. This step is necessary because the red forecast and green forecast in figure at the top of this page must be subject to the same surface and lateral boundary conditions. In practice, the difference between the forecast skill of FCSTAT and FCSTA will be small.
    1. Customize your preferred build script and provide the appropriate values for:
      • Root directory, MY_ROOT_DIR
      • ROMS source code, MY_ROMS_SRC
      • Fortran compiler, FORT
      • MPI flags, USE_MPI and USE_MPIF90
      • Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in my_build_paths.csh. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set USE_MY_LIBS value to no.
    2. Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the build script instead of wc13.h:
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DNLM_DRIVER"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"

      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DFORWARD_WRITE"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DVERIFICATION"
      This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.
       
      For this to work, however, any #undef directives MUST be avoided in the header file wc13.h since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
    3. You MUST use the build script to compile.
    4. Customize the ROMS input script roms_wc13.in and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:
      NtileI == 2  ! I-direction partition
      NtileJ == 4  ! J-direction partition
      Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.
    5. Customize the configuration script job_fcsta.csh and provide the appropriate place for the substitute Perl script:
      set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute
      This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:
      setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk
    6. Execute the configuration job_fcsta.csh before running the model. It copies the required files and creates rbl4dvar.in input script from template s4dvar.in. This has to be done every time that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
    7. Run ROMS with data assimilation:
      mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &
  3. Go to WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB. In this third step initialized from the 4D-Var background solution at the end of the 4D-Var window. As in step 2, this forecast will use the surface fluxes computed during step 1.
    1. Customize your preferred build script and provide the appropriate values for:
      • Root directory, MY_ROOT_DIR
      • ROMS source code, MY_ROMS_SRC
      • Fortran compiler, FORT
      • MPI flags, USE_MPI and USE_MPIF90
      • Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in my_build_paths.csh. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set USE_MY_LIBS value to no.
    2. Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the build script instead of wc13.h:
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DNLM_DRIVER"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"

      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DFORWARD_WRITE"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DVERIFICATION"
      This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.
       
      For this to work, however, any #undef directives MUST be avoided in the header file wc13.h since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
    3. You MUST use the build script to compile.
    4. Customize the ROMS input script roms_wc13.in and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:
      NtileI == 2  ! I-direction partition
      NtileJ == 4  ! J-direction partition
      Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.
    5. Customize the configuration script job_fcstb.csh and provide the appropriate place for the substitute Perl script:
      set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute
      This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:
      setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk
    6. Execute the configuration job_fcstb.csh before running the model. It copies the required files and creates rbl4dvar.in input script from template s4dvar.in. This has to be done every time that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
    7. Use Matlab script WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact/FCSTB/create_ini_fcstb.m to create ROMS inital condtions from the previous RBL4D-Var background solution RBL4D-Var-RPCG (WC13/RBL4DVAR/EX3_RPCG/wc13_fwd_000.nc) in Exercise 3.
    8. Run ROMS with data assimilation:
      mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &
  4. Go to the WC13/Data directory and run the Matlab script adsen_37N_transport_fcst.m. This will create two netcdf files wc13_foi_A.nc and wc13_foi_B.nc.
  5. Go back to the WC13/RBL4DVAR_forecast_impact directory and compile and run the model.
    1. Customize your preferred build script and provide the appropriate values for:
      • Root directory, MY_ROOT_DIR
      • ROMS source code, MY_ROMS_SRC
      • Fortran compiler, FORT
      • MPI flags, USE_MPI and USE_MPIF90
      • Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in my_build_paths.csh. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set USE_MY_LIBS value to no.
    2. Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the build script instead of wc13.h:
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"

      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DAD_IMPULSE"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DOBS_IMPACT"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRPCG"
      This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.
       
      For this to work, however, any #undef directives MUST be avoided in the header file wc13.h since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
    3. You MUST use the build script to compile.
    4. Customize the ROMS input script roms_wc13.in and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:
      NtileI == 2  ! I-direction partition
      NtileJ == 4  ! J-direction partition
      Notice that there are two additional timestep parameters, NTIMES_ANA and NTIMES_FCT which correspond to the number of time steps in the analysis and forecast cycles respectively as shown in the figure at the top of the page. It is these parameters that control the time-stepping of ROMS in this case, and the usual parameter NTIMES is ignored. The values of NTIMES_ANA and NTIMES_FCT that are currently set in roms_wc13.in are the correct ones for this application, so do not change them. Notice also the input files FOInameA and FOInameB which correspond to the adjoint forcing functions that were created in step 4.

      Remember that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.

    5. Customize the configuration script job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact.csh and provide the appropriate place for the substitute Perl script:
      set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute
      This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:
      setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk
    6. Execute the configuration job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact.csh before running the model. It copies the required files and creates rbl4dvar.in input script from template s4dvar.in. This has to be done every time that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
    7. Run ROMS with data assimilation:
      mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &
    8. We recommend creating a new subdirectory Case1, and saving the solution in it for analysis and plotting to avoid overwriting solutions when playing with difference CPP options. For example
      mkdir Case1
      mv Build_roms rbl4dvar.in *.nc log Case1
      cp -p romsM roms_wc13.in Case1
      where log is the ROMS standard output specified in the previous step.
  6. To plot the output from step 5, go to the subdirectory WC13/plotting and run the Matlab script plot_rbl4dvar_forecast_impact.m
  7. Go to the WC13/Data directory and run the Matlab script adsen_SST_fcst.m. This will overwrite the two netcdf files wc13_oifA.nc and wc13_oifB.nc.
  8. Go back to the WC13/rbl4dvar_forecast_impact directory and compile and run the model.
    1. Customize your preferred build script and provide the appropriate values for:
      • Root directory, MY_ROOT_DIR
      • ROMS source code, MY_ROMS_SRC
      • Fortran compiler, FORT
      • MPI flags, USE_MPI and USE_MPIF90
      • Path of MPI, NetCDF, and ARPACK libraries according to the compiler are set in my_build_paths.csh. Notice that you need to provide the correct places of these libraries for your computer. If you want to ignore this section, set USE_MY_LIBS value to no.
    2. Notice that the most important CPP options for this application are specified in the build script instead of wc13.h:
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRBL4DVAR_FCT_SENSITIVITY"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DANA_SPONGE"

      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DAD_IMPULSE"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DOBS_IMPACT"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DOBS_SPACE"
      setenv MY_CPP_FLAGS "${MY_CPP_FLAGS} -DRPCG"
      The cpp flag OBS_SPACE informs the model that you are using a forecast error metric that resides in observation space instead of state-space.

      This is to allow flexibility with different CPP options.
       
      For this to work, however, any #undef directives MUST be avoided in the header file wc13.h since it has precedence during C-preprocessing.
    3. You MUST use the build script to compile.
    4. Customize the ROMS input script roms_wc13.in and specify the appropriate values for the distributed-memory partition. It is set by default to:
      NtileI == 2  ! I-direction partition
      NtileJ == 4  ! J-direction partition
      Notice that the adjoint-based algorithms can only be run in parallel using MPI. This is because of the way that the adjoint model is constructed.

    5. Customize the configuration script job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact_obs_space.csh and provide the appropriate place for the substitute Perl script:
      set SUBSTITUTE=${ROMS_ROOT}/ROMS/Bin/substitute
      This script is distributed with ROMS and it is found in the ROMS/Bin sub-directory. Alternatively, you can define ROMS_ROOT environmental variable in your .cshrc login script. For example, I have:
      setenv ROMS_ROOT /home/arango/ocean/toms/repository/trunk
    6. Execute the configuration job_rbl4dvar_fct_impact_obs_space.csh before running the model. It copies the required files and creates rbl4dvar.in input script from template s4dvar.in. This has to be done every time that you run this application. We need a clean and fresh copy of the initial conditions and observation files since they are modified by ROMS during execution.
    7. Run ROMS with data assimilation:
      mpirun -np 8 romsM roms_wc13.in > & log &
    8. We recommend creating a new subdirectory Case2, and saving the solution in it for analysis and plotting to avoid overwriting solutions when playing with different CPP options. For example
      mkdir Case2
      mv Build_roms rbl4dvar.in *.nc log Case2
      cp -p romsM roms_wc13.in Case2
      where log is the ROMS standard output specified in the previous step.
  9. To plot the output from step 8, go to the subdirectory WC13/plotting and run the Matlab script plot_rbl4dvar_forecast_impact_obs_space.m

Results

The WC13/plotting/plot_rbl4dvar_forecast_impact.m and WC13/plotting/plot_rbl4dvar_forecast_impact_obs_space.m Matlab scripts will allow you to plot the RBL4D-Var forecast transport errors and SST Errors respectively:

Case 1: 7-day Forecast 37°N transport Errors
prior saved daily
Case 2: 7-day Forecast SST Errors
prior saved daily
Case 1: 7-day Forecast 37°N transport Errors
prior saved every 2 hours
Case 2: 7-day Forecast SST Errors
prior saved every 2 hours