Difference between revisions of "Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)"

From WikiROMS
Jump to navigationJump to search
Line 2: Line 2:
In the fall of 1995,  Hernan G. Arango (hereafter <span class="blue">HGA</span>) started working at the Ocean Modeling Lab ('''OML'''), Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences ('''IMCS'''), Rutgers University. His first ssignment from '''OML''''s group leader Dale B. Haigvogel (hereafter <span class="blue">DBH</span>) was to work on the classic baroclinic, wind-driven, double gyre problem with the now-extinct '''S'''-'''C'''oordinate '''R'''utgers '''U'''niversity '''M'''odel ('''SCRUM''', Song and Haidvogel, 1994), which was derived from '''SPEM''' ('''S'''emi-spectral '''P'''rimitive '''E'''quation '''M'''odel; Haidvogel ''et al.'', 1991). The double-gyre application is affectionately known as '''Big Bad Basin''' (nowadays, <span class="mediumOrchid">BASIN</span> test case) by several '''OML''' modelers because of its stability issues in long simulations. After a couple of months of struggling with the <span class="mediumOrchid">BASIN</span> problem, <span class="blue">HGA</span> decided to rewrite '''SCRUM''' from scratch and modify its numerical kernel, including time-stepping, advection schemes, and implementing a split-explicit treatment coupling between barotropic (fast) and barotropic (slow) governing equations in collaboration with '''OML''''s scientists Robert J. Chant and Katherine S. Hedström. In addition, a complete overhaul of the model metadata, input, and output files with NetCDF format. And voilà, the <span class="mediumOrchid">BASIN</span> application ran successfully for several years. The new model became '''SCRUM''' version '''3.0''', which later evolved to '''SCRUM 4.0''' and then becomes the '''R'''egional '''O'''cean '''M'''odeling '''S'''ystem ('''ROMS'''). The acronym '''ROMS''' was inspired by the '''R'''egional '''A'''tmospheric '''M'''odeling '''S'''ystem ('''RAMS'''). Thus, at the time, there was a regional numerical model for the atmosphere and ocean with similar acronyms.
In the fall of 1995,  Hernan G. Arango (hereafter <span class="blue">HGA</span>) started working at the Ocean Modeling Lab ('''OML'''), Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences ('''IMCS'''), Rutgers University. His first ssignment from '''OML''''s group leader Dale B. Haigvogel (hereafter <span class="blue">DBH</span>) was to work on the classic baroclinic, wind-driven, double gyre problem with the now-extinct '''S'''-'''C'''oordinate '''R'''utgers '''U'''niversity '''M'''odel ('''SCRUM''', Song and Haidvogel, 1994), which was derived from '''SPEM''' ('''S'''emi-spectral '''P'''rimitive '''E'''quation '''M'''odel; Haidvogel ''et al.'', 1991). The double-gyre application is affectionately known as '''Big Bad Basin''' (nowadays, <span class="mediumOrchid">BASIN</span> test case) by several '''OML''' modelers because of its stability issues in long simulations. After a couple of months of struggling with the <span class="mediumOrchid">BASIN</span> problem, <span class="blue">HGA</span> decided to rewrite '''SCRUM''' from scratch and modify its numerical kernel, including time-stepping, advection schemes, and implementing a split-explicit treatment coupling between barotropic (fast) and barotropic (slow) governing equations in collaboration with '''OML''''s scientists Robert J. Chant and Katherine S. Hedström. In addition, a complete overhaul of the model metadata, input, and output files with NetCDF format. And voilà, the <span class="mediumOrchid">BASIN</span> application ran successfully for several years. The new model became '''SCRUM''' version '''3.0''', which later evolved to '''SCRUM 4.0''' and then becomes the '''R'''egional '''O'''cean '''M'''odeling '''S'''ystem ('''ROMS'''). The acronym '''ROMS''' was inspired by the '''R'''egional '''A'''tmospheric '''M'''odeling '''S'''ystem ('''RAMS'''). Thus, at the time, there was a regional numerical model for the atmosphere and ocean with similar acronyms.


In 1998, James C. McWilliams (UCLA) started looking for a regional ocean model for the U.S. West Coast and contacted DBH for possible collaborations. As a result, <span class="blue">DBH</span> and <span class="blue">HGA</span> traveled to Los Angeles, CA, to meet at UCLA with Jim McWilliams and Alexander F. Shchepetkin  (hereafter <span class="blue">AFS</span>) or just Sasha, as the '''ROMS''' VIPs know him. The expectation that <span class="blue">HGA</span> and <span class="blue">AFS</span> would get along was very low. However, their mutual respect, skills, and friendship grew. As a result, and to the benefit of the ocean modeling community,  '''ROMS''' was officially born. Their first task was to improve its efficiency by implementing a multi-threaded parallel version of its numerical kernel using the shared-memory paradigm native to the IRIX operating system available on SGI supercomputers of the time. The shared-memory compiling directives evolved later to the portable '''OpenMP''' standard implementation in '''ROMS'''.
In 1998, James C. McWilliams (UCLA) started looking for a regional ocean model for the U.S. West Coast and contacted <span class="blue">DBH</span> for possible collaborations. As a result, <span class="blue">DBH</span> and <span class="blue">HGA</span> traveled to Los Angeles, CA, to meet at UCLA with Jim McWilliams and Alexander F. Shchepetkin  (hereafter <span class="blue">AFS</span>) or just Sasha, as the '''ROMS''' VIPs know him. The expectation that <span class="blue">HGA</span> and <span class="blue">AFS</span> would get along was very low. However, their mutual respect, skills, and friendship grew. As a result, and to the benefit of the ocean modeling community,  '''ROMS''' was officially born. Their first task was to improve its efficiency by implementing a multi-threaded parallel version of its numerical kernel using the shared-memory paradigm native to the IRIX operating system available on SGI supercomputers of the time. The shared-memory compiling directives evolved later to the portable '''OpenMP''' standard implementation in '''ROMS'''.


===ROMS Releases===
===ROMS Releases===

Revision as of 17:53, 17 May 2022

ROMS History

In the fall of 1995, Hernan G. Arango (hereafter HGA) started working at the Ocean Modeling Lab (OML), Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences (IMCS), Rutgers University. His first ssignment from OML's group leader Dale B. Haigvogel (hereafter DBH) was to work on the classic baroclinic, wind-driven, double gyre problem with the now-extinct S-Coordinate Rutgers University Model (SCRUM, Song and Haidvogel, 1994), which was derived from SPEM (Semi-spectral Primitive Equation Model; Haidvogel et al., 1991). The double-gyre application is affectionately known as Big Bad Basin (nowadays, BASIN test case) by several OML modelers because of its stability issues in long simulations. After a couple of months of struggling with the BASIN problem, HGA decided to rewrite SCRUM from scratch and modify its numerical kernel, including time-stepping, advection schemes, and implementing a split-explicit treatment coupling between barotropic (fast) and barotropic (slow) governing equations in collaboration with OML's scientists Robert J. Chant and Katherine S. Hedström. In addition, a complete overhaul of the model metadata, input, and output files with NetCDF format. And voilà, the BASIN application ran successfully for several years. The new model became SCRUM version 3.0, which later evolved to SCRUM 4.0 and then becomes the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The acronym ROMS was inspired by the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS). Thus, at the time, there was a regional numerical model for the atmosphere and ocean with similar acronyms.

In 1998, James C. McWilliams (UCLA) started looking for a regional ocean model for the U.S. West Coast and contacted DBH for possible collaborations. As a result, DBH and HGA traveled to Los Angeles, CA, to meet at UCLA with Jim McWilliams and Alexander F. Shchepetkin (hereafter AFS) or just Sasha, as the ROMS VIPs know him. The expectation that HGA and AFS would get along was very low. However, their mutual respect, skills, and friendship grew. As a result, and to the benefit of the ocean modeling community, ROMS was officially born. Their first task was to improve its efficiency by implementing a multi-threaded parallel version of its numerical kernel using the shared-memory paradigm native to the IRIX operating system available on SGI supercomputers of the time. The shared-memory compiling directives evolved later to the portable OpenMP standard implementation in ROMS.

ROMS Releases

The following table shows information about the infrequent tagged ROMS releases showing its evolution and expansion. It was redesigned completely starting with version ROMS 2.0 and written in Fortran-1990 standard with modules with the derived-type objects with dynamical allocation, and managed with svn repositories instead of cvs. Some features of Fortran-1995 and Fortran-2003 standards were introduced later when available in mostly all compilers. The perturbation Tangent Linear Model (TLM), finite-amplitude Tangent Linear (Representer) Model (RPM), and adjoint model (ADM) were released in version ROMS 2.3.


Tag Version svn Revision Release Date Number of Files Lines of Code
1.1.0 cvs -r 1.1.0 1999-01-20 125 44,639
1.2.0 cvs -r 1.2.0 1999-01-25 130 46,905
1.3.0 cvs -r 1.3.0 1999-03-15 131 47,931
1.4.0 cvs -r 1.4.0 1999-06-20 146 49,466
1.5.0 cvs -r 1.5.0 2000-02-10 145 56,118
1.6.0 cvs -r 1.6.0 2000-01-29 144 56,066
1.6.1 cvs -r 1.6.1 2000-03-06 144 56,123
1.6.2 cvs -r 1.6.2 2000-03-17 144 56,283
1.7.0 cvs -r 1.7.0 2001-01-19 165 63,652
1.7.1 cvs -r 1.7.1 2001-02-01 165 63,573
1.7.2 cvs -r 1.7.2 2001-04-17 173 66,324
1.8.0 cvs -r 1.8.0 2002-01-11 175 67,999
2.0 2 2003-06-30 232 95,836
2.1 3 2004-05-05 253 117,956
2.2 4 2005-05-26 297 158,176
2.3 8 2007-02-06 1,122 399,457
3.0 36 2007-04-27 1,313 460,643
3.1 166 2008-03-17 1,345 470,110
3.2 338 2009-03-25 1,428 549,318
3.3 432 2009-12-26 1,559 603,578
3.4 550 2011-04-19 1,583 643,878
3.5 568 2011-09-21 1,582 648,098
3.6 656 2013-04-18 1,638 684,351
3.7 974 2019-07-25 1,784 844,948
3.8 995 2020-01-09 1,799 848,245
3.9 1054 2021-03-06 1,909 884,508
4.0 1108 2022-02-25 1,985 1,066,953
current 1123 2022-04-25 1,989 1,079,102


On May 7, 2022, ROMS had 6970 registered users at www.myroms.org. The histogram below shows the number of new ROMS users per year and the number of countries (red values on top of the bar) where the new users reside. The tally was started when ROMS 2.0 was released on June 30, 2003.


roms users.png

ROMS Selected References

The following is an alphabetic list of essential publications describing various aspects of the ROMS algorithms:


  • Haidvogel, D. B., H. G. Arango, K. Hedstrom, A. Beckmann, P. Malanotte-Rizzoli, and A. F. Shchepetkin, 2000: Model evaluation experiments in the North Atlantic Basin: Simulations in nonlinear terrain-following coordinates, Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 32, 239-281. (PDF)
  • Fennel, K., J. Wilkin, J. Levin, J. Moisan, J. O'Reilly, and D. Haidvogel, 2006: Nitrogen cycling in the Middle Atlantic Bight: Results from a three-dimensional model and implications for the North Atlantic nitrogen budget, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 20, GB3007, doi:10.1029/2005GB002456. (PDF)
  • Gurol, S., A. T. Weaver, A. M. Moore, A. Piacentini, H. G. Arango, and S. Gratton, 2014: B-preconditioned minimization algorithms for variational data assimilation with the dual formulation, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 140, 539-556, DOI:10.1002/qj.2150.
  • Moore, A.M. and H.G. Arango, 2021: On the behavior of ocean analysis and forecast error covariance in the presence of baroclinic instability, Ocean Modelling, 157, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2020.101733.
  • Levin, J., H.G. Arango, B. Laughlin, E. Hunter, J. Wilkin, and A.M. Moore, 2020: Observation impacts on the Mid-Atlantic Bight front and cross-shelf transportin 4D-Var ocean state estimates: Part I – Multiplatform Analysis, Ocean Modelling, 157, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2020.101721.
  • Levin, J., H.G. Arango, B. Laughlin, E. Hunter, J. Wilkin, and A.M. Moore, 2021: Observation impacts on the Mid-Atlantic Bight front and cross-shelf transport in 4D-Var ocean state estimates: Part II - The Pioneer Array, Ocean Modelling, 157, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2020.101731.
  • Moore, A. M., H. G. Arango, A. J. Miller, B. D. Cornuelle, E. Di Lorenzo and D. J. Neilson, 2004: A Comprehensive Ocean Prediction and Analysis System Based on the Tangent Linear and Adjoint Components of a Regional Ocean Model, Ocean Modelling, 7, 227-258. (PDF)
  • Moore, A.M., H.G. Arango, G. Broquet, B.S. Powell, A.T. Weaver, and J. Zavala-Garay, 2011: The Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) 4-dimensional variational data assimilation systems, Part I - System overview and formulation, Progress in Oceanography, 91, 34-49.
  • Moore, A.M., H.G. Arango, and G. Broquet, C. Edwards, M. Veneziani, B.S. Powell, D. Foley, J. Doyle, D. Costa, and P. Robinson, 2011: The Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) 4-dimensional variational data assimilation systems, Part II: Performance and application to the California Current System, Progress in Oceanography, 91, 50-73.
  • Moore, A.M., H.G. Arango, and G. Broquet, C. Edwards, M. Veneziani, B.S. Powell, D. Foley, J. Doyle, D. Costa, and P. Robinson, 2011: The Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) 4-dimensional variational data assimilation systems, Part III: Observation Impact and Observation Sensitivity in the California Current System, Ocean Modelling, 91, 74-94.
  • Moore, A.M., H.G. Arango, C.A. Edwards, 2017: Reduced-Rank Array Modes of the California Current Observing System, J. Geophys. Res. Ocean, 122, doi:10.1002/2017JC013172.
  • Moore, A.M., J. Zavala-Garay, H.G. Arango, C.A. Edwards, J. Anderson, and T. Hoar, 2020: Regional and basin scale applications of ensemble adjustment Kalman filter and 4D-Var ocean data assimilation systems, Progress in Oceanography, 189, doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2020.102450.
  • Shchepetkin, A. F., and J. C. McWilliams, 2003: A method for computing horizontal pressure-gradient force in an oceanic model with a nonaligned vertical coordinate, J. Geophys. Res., 108 (C3), 3090, doi:10.1029/2001JC001047. (PDF)
  • Shchepetkin, A. F., and J. C. McWilliams, 2005: The Regional Ocean Modeling System: A split-explicit, free-surface, topography following coordinates ocean model, Ocean Modelling, 9, 347-404. (PDF)
  • Shchepetkin, A. F., and J. C. McWilliams, 2008: Computational kernel algorithms for fine-scale, multi-process, long-time oceanic simulations. In: Handbook of Numerical Analysis: Computational Methods for the Ocean and the Atmosphere, eds. R. Temam & J. Tribbia, Elsevier Science, ISBN-10: 0444518932, ISBN-13: 978-0444518934.
  • Shchepetkin, A. F., 2015: An Adaptive, Courant-number-dependent Implicit Scheme for Vertical Advection in Oceanic Modeling, Ocean Modelling, 91, 38-69, doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.03.006.
  • Warner, J. C., Z. Defne, K. Hass, and H. G. Arango, 2013: A wetting and drying scheme for ROMS, Computers & Geosciences, 58, 54-61, 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.05.004.
  • Warner, J.C., W.R. Geyer, and H.G. Arango, 2010: Using composite grid approach in complex coastal domain to estimate estuarine residence time, Computer and Geosciences, 36, 921-935, doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2009.11.008.
  • Warner, J. C., C. R. Sherwood, R. P. Signell, C. K. Harris, and H. G. Arango, 2008: Development of a three-dimensional, regional, coupled wave, current, and sediment-transport model, Computers & Geosciences, 34, 1284-1306.
  • Warner, J. C., C. R. Sherwood, H. G. Arango, and R. P. Signell, 2005a: Performance of four turbulence closure methods implemented using a generic length scale method, Ocean Modelling, 8, 81-113. (PDF)
  • Wilkin, J. L., 2006: The summer time heat budget and circulation of southeast New England shelf, J. Phys. Oceanog., 36, 1997-2011. (PDF)
Retrieved from "https://www.myroms.org/wiki/index.php?title=Regional_Ocean_Modeling_System_(ROMS)&oldid=6522"